Maintaining progress toward an AIDS vaccine to eventually end the AIDS pandemic requires sufficient sustained financing and investment from the public and private sectors and innovative U.S. government policies to accelerate progress and encourage private investment in new health technologies. This publication outlines four key policy priorities for AIDS vaccine development: secure sustained funding for AIDS vaccine R&D efforts, elevate global health research in U.S. development policy and foreign aid reform, lead the effort to create innovative financing mechanisms to support global health R&D and promote strong, coordinated regulatory systems.